Texas Instruments MSP430x1xx Manual de usuario Pagina 40
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CPU Registers
3-4
RISC 16-Bit CPU
3.2 CPU Registers
The CPU incorporates sixteen 16-bit registers. R0, R1, R2 and R3 have
dedicated functions. R4 to R15 are working registers for general use.
3.2.1 Program Counter (PC)
The 16-bit program counter (PC/R0) points to the next instruction to be
executed. Each instruction uses an even number of bytes (two, four, or six),
and the PC is incremented accordingly. Instruction accesses in the 64-KB
address space are performed on word boundaries, and the PC is aligned to
even addresses. Figure 3−2 shows the program counter.
Figure 3−2. Program Counter
0
15 0
Program Counter Bits 15 to 1
1
The PC can be addressed with all instructions and addressing modes. A few
examples:
MOV #LABEL,PC ; Branch to address LABEL
MOV LABEL,PC ; Branch to address contained in LABEL
MOV @R14,PC ; Branch indirect to address in R14
- User’s Guide 1
- 3
- Glossary 4
- Register Bit Conventions 5
- 7
- Contents 9
- Contents 10
- 13
- 1.1 Architecture 14
- 1.2 Flexible Clock System 14
- 1.3 Embedded Emulation 15
- 1.4 Address Space 16
- 1.4.3 Peripheral Modules 17
- 1.4.5 Memory Organization 17
- Introduction 18
- 19
- 19
- 2.1.1 Power-On Reset (POR) 21
- Figure 2−2. POR Timing 21
- 2.1.2 Brownout Reset (BOR) 22
- Figure 2−3. Brownout Timing 22
- Software Initialization 23
- 2.2 Interrupts 24
- Reset/NMI Pin 25
- Flash Access Violation 27
- Oscillator Fault 27
- 2.2.2 Maskable Interrupts 28
- 2.2.3 Interrupt Processing 29
- Interrupt Acceptance 29
- Return From Interrupt 30
- Interrupt Nesting 30
- 2.2.4 Interrupt Vectors 31
- 2.3 Operating Modes 32
- 2.5 Connection of Unused Pins 35
- ! 37
- 3.1 CPU Introduction 38
- Figure 3−1. CPU Block Diagram 39
- 3.2 CPU Registers 40
- 3.2.2 Stack Pointer (SP) 41
- Figure 3−3. Stack Pointer 41
- Figure 3−4. Stack Usage 41
- 3.2.3 Status Register (SR) 42
- 3.3 Addressing Modes 45
- 3.3.1 Register Mode 46
- 3.3.2 Indexed Mode 47
- 3.3.3 Symbolic Mode 48
- 3.3.4 Absolute Mode 49
- 3.3.5 Indirect Register Mode 50
- 3.3.7 Immediate Mode 52
- 3.4 Instruction Set 53
- B/W D/S-Reg 55
- 3.4.3 Jumps 56
- Table 3−13.Jump Instructions 56
- Clear carry bit 67
- Clear negative bit 68
- Decrement destination 73
- ] Increment destination 77
- Jump if greater or equal 82
- Jump if less 83
- Jump unconditionally 84
- Jump if negative 85
- No operation 89
- Rotate left arithmetically 94
- Rotate left through carry 95
- Instruction Set 100
- RISC 16−Bit CPU 100
- Instruction Set 101
- 15 8 7 0 104
- → PC − − − − 111
- Chapter 4 113
- Note: XT2 Oscillator 115
- Basic Clock Module Operation 116
- Basic Clock Module 116
- 4.2.2 LFXT1 Oscillator 117
- 4.2.3 XT2 Oscillator 118
- Disabling the DCO 118
- Adjusting the DCO frequency 119
- Using an External Resistor (R 120
- ) for the DCO 120
- 4.2.5 DCO Modulator 121
- Oscillator Fault Detection 123
- Sourcing MCLK from a Crystal 124
- DCOCTL, DCO Control Register 127
- 76543210 128
- SELMx DIVMx SELS DIVSx DCOR 128
- Basic Clock Module Registers 129
- Chapter 5 131
- 5.1 Flash Memory Introduction 132
- 5.2 Flash Memory Segmentation 133
- 5.3 Flash Memory Operation 134
- 5.3.2 Erasing Flash Memory 135
- Table 5−1.Erase Modes 135
- Initiating an Erase from RAM 137
- 5.3.3 Writing Flash Memory 138
- Table 5−2.Write Modes 138
- Byte/Word Write 138
- Block Write 141
- Block Write Flow and Example 142
- Figure 5−11. Block Write Flow 142
- Flash Memory Operation 146
- Flash Memory Controller 146
- 5.4 Flash Memory Registers 147
- Flash Memory Registers 151
- Chapter 6 153
- 6.1 SVS Introduction 154
- Figure 6−1. SVS Block Diagram 155
- 6.2 SVS Operation 156
- 6.2.3 Changing the VLDx Bits 157
- 6.2.4 SVS Operating Range 158
- 6.3 SVS Registers 159
- Supply Voltage Supervisor 160
- Chapter 7 161
- 7.2.1 Operand Registers 163
- Table 7−1.OP1 addresses 163
- 7.2.2 Result Registers 164
- Table 7−2.RESHI Contents 164
- Table 7−3.SUMEXT Contents 164
- MACS Underflow and Overflow 164
- 7.2.3 Software Examples 165
- 7.2.5 Using Interrupts 166
- Hardware Multiplier 168
- () "" 169
- 8.1 DMA Introduction 170
- 8.2 DMA Operation 172
- 8.2.2 DMA Transfer Modes 173
- Table 8−1.DMA Transfer Modes 173
- Single Transfer 174
- Block Transfers 176
- Burst-Block Transfers 178
- Edge-Sensitive Triggers 180
- Level-Sensitive Triggers 180
- 8.2.4 Stopping DMA Transfers 182
- 8.2.5 DMA Channel Priorities 182
- 8.2.6 DMA Transfer Cycle Time 183
- 8.2.9 Using the I 185
- 8.3 DMA Registers 186
- ("* 193
- 9.1 Digital I/O Introduction 194
- 9.2 Digital I/O Operation 195
- Digital I/O Operation 196
- Digital I/O 196
- 9.2.5 P1 and P2 Interrupts 197
- Interrupt Enable P1IE, P2IE 198
- 9.3 Digital I/O Registers 199
- + 201
- Watchdog Timer Introduction 203
- Watchdog Timer 203
- 10.2 Watchdog Timer Operation 204
- Watchdog Timer Operation 205
- 10.2.6 Software Examples 206
- 10.3 Watchdog Timer Registers 207
- Watchdog Timer Registers 209
- Chapter 11 211
- 11.1 Timer_A Introduction 212
- Timer_A Introduction 213
- 11.2 Timer_A Operation 214
- 11.2.2 Starting the Timer 215
- 11.2.3 Timer Mode Control 215
- Table 11−1.Timer Modes 215
- Figure 11−2. Up Mode 216
- Continuous Mode 217
- Figure 11−4. Continuous Mode 217
- Use of the Continuous Mode 218
- Up/Down Mode 219
- Figure 11−7. Up/Down Mode 219
- Use of the Up/Down Mode 220
- 11.2.4 Capture/Compare Blocks 221
- Capture Mode 221
- Figure 11−11.Capture Cycle 222
- Compare Mode 222
- 11.2.5 Output Unit 223
- Output Modes 223
- Table 11−2.Output Modes 223
- Timer_A Operation 224
- 11.2.6 Timer_A Interrupts 227
- TACCR0 Interrupt 227
- 11.3 Timer_A Registers 229
- TAR, Timer_A Register 231
- Chapter 12 235
- 12.1 Timer_B Introduction 236
- Timer_B Introduction 237
- 12.2 Timer_B Operation 238
- 12.2.2 Starting the Timer 239
- 12.2.3 Timer Mode Control 239
- Table 12−1.Timer Modes 239
- Figure 12−2. Up Mode 240
- Figure 12−4. Continuous Mode 241
- Figure 12−7. Up/Down Mode 243
- 12.2.4 Capture/Compare Blocks 245
- Figure 12−11.Capture Cycle 246
- Table 12−2.TBCLx Load Events 247
- 12.2.5 Output Unit 248
- Table 12−4.Output Modes 248
- Timer_B Operation 249
- 12.2.6 Timer_B Interrupts 252
- 12.3 Timer_B Registers 254
- TBR, Timer_B Register 256
- Chapter 13 261
- USART Introduction: UART Mode 263
- 13.2.2 Character Format 264
- Figure 13−2. Character Format 264
- Figure 13−3. Idle-Line Format 265
- USART Operation: UART Mode 266
- Automatic Error Detection 268
- 13.2.4 USART Receive Enable 269
- 13.2.5 USART Transmit Enable 270
- Baud Rate Bit Timing 272
- Transmit Bit Timing 273
- Receive Bit Timing 274
- Figure 13−9. Receive Error 274
- Typical Baud Rates and Errors 276
- 13.2.7 USART Interrupts 277
- UxCTL, USART Control Register 282
- USART Registers: UART Mode 285
- UxRXBUFx 286
- UxTXBUFx 286
- ME1, Module Enable Register 1 287
- ME2, Module Enable Register 2 287
- Chapter 14 292
- USART Introduction: SPI Mode 294
- 14.2.2 Master Mode 296
- Four-Pin SPI Master Mode 296
- 14.2.3 Slave Mode 297
- Four-Pin SPI Slave Mode 297
- 14.2.4 SPI Enable 298
- Transmit Enable 298
- Receive Enable 299
- 14.2.5 Serial Clock Control 300
- Figure 14−9. USART SPI Timing 301
- 14.2.6 SPI Interrupts 302
- USART Operation: SPI Mode 303
- USART Registers: SPI Mode 308
- Chapter 15 315
- C Module Introduction 316
- USART Peripheral Interface, I 317
- C Module Operation 318
- 15.2.1 I 319
- C Module Initialization 319
- 15.2.4 I 322
- C Module Operating Modes 322
- Master Mode 322
- Table 15−1.Master Operation 322
- Slave Mode 326
- Figure 15−12. Slave Receiver 328
- 15.2.5 The I 329
- C Data Register I2CDR 329
- Transmit Underflow 329
- Receive Overrun 329
- 15.2.7 Using the I 331
- C Module with Low Power Modes 331
- 15.2.8 I 332
- C Interrupts 332
- Table 15−3.I 332
- RETI ; Vector 0: No interrupt 333
- C Module Registers 334
- I2CTCTL, I 336
- C Transmit Control Register 336
- I2CDCTL, I 337
- C Data Control Register 337
- I2CDRW, I2CDRB, I 338
- C Data Register 338
- I2CNDAT, I 338
- I2CPSC, I 339
- C Clock Prescaler Register 339
- I2CSCLH, I 340
- C Shift Clock High Register 340
- I2CSCLL, I 340
- C Shift Clock Low Register 340
- I2COA, I 341
- I2CSA, I 342
- I2CIE, I 343
- C Interrupt Enable Register 343
- I2CIFG, I 344
- C Interrupt Flag Register 344
- I2CIV, I 345
- C Interrupt Vector Register 345
- ,) 347
- Comparator_A Introduction 349
- Comparator_A 349
- 16.2 Comparator_A Operation 350
- 16.2.3 Output Filter 351
- 16.3 Comparator_A Registers 355
- Chapter 17 359
- 17.1 ADC12 Introduction 360
- ADC12 Introduction 361
- 17.2 ADC12 Operation 362
- Analog Port Selection 363
- 17.2.4 Auto Power-Down 364
- Extended Sample Mode 365
- Pulse Sample Mode 366
- Sample Timing Considerations 367
- 17.2.6 Conversion Memory 368
- 17.2.7 ADC12 Conversion Modes 368
- x = pointer to ADC12MCTLx 369
- Sequence-of-Channels Mode 370
- Repeat-Single-Channel Mode 371
- Stopping Conversions 373
- ADC12 Operation 374
- 17.2.10 ADC12 Interrupts 376
- 17.3 ADC12 Registers 378
- EOS SREFx INCHx 383
- Modifiable only when ENC = 0 383
- ADC12 Registers 384
- ADC12IEx 384
- ADC12IFGx 384
- ADC12 interrupt vector value 385
- Chapter 18 387
- 18.1 ADC10 Introduction 388
- ADC10 Introduction 389
- 18.2 ADC10 Operation 390
- 18.2.4 Auto Power-Down 392
- Figure 18−3. Sample Timing 393
- 18.2.6 Conversion Modes 395
- Using the MSC Bit 400
- ADC10 Operation 401
- One-Block Transfer Mode 402
- Two-Block Transfer Mode 404
- Continuous Transfer 406
- DTC Transfer Cycle Time 406
- 18.2.10 ADC10 Interrupts 409
- 18.3 ADC10 Registers 410
- Chapter 19 419
- 19.1 DAC12 Introduction 420
- DAC12 Introduction 421
- 19.2 DAC12 Operation 422
- 19.2.2 DAC12 Reference 423
- 19.2.4 DAC12_xDAT Data Format 424
- Figure 19−4. Negative Offset 425
- Figure 19−5. Positive Offset 425
- 19.2.7 DAC12 Interrupts 427
- 19.3 DAC12 Registers 428
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